How CNC machining cost is calculated
A machined part costs the stock it is cut from, the machine time per part, and the setup and programming time shared across the order.
Why one part costs so much more than ten
Programming and setting up a job can take one to two hours. On a single part that time is all yours; on a hundred parts it is a few cents each. The quantity table shows how fast the unit price falls.
Typical CNC shop rates
| Machine | Typical US rate |
|---|---|
| Manual mill or lathe | $50–75 / h |
| 3-axis CNC mill | $75–120 / h |
| CNC lathe | $70–110 / h |
| 5-axis CNC mill | $120–200 / h |
| Swiss-type lathe | $90–150 / h |
How to estimate cycle time
Add the time of each operation: roughing, finishing, drilling and tapping, plus tool changes and part loading. For a quick first estimate, divide the volume of material removed by a realistic removal rate, for example 1–3 in³/min in aluminum on a typical 3-axis mill and 0.2–0.5 in³/min in steel.
InCost estimates milling and turning from stock size and operations, keeps your shop rates and materials, and prints quotes and travelers with setup and cycle times.
Frequently asked questions
How much does CNC machining cost per hour?
In the US, 3-axis CNC milling typically costs $75–120 per hour and 5-axis $120–200 per hour. In Europe rates are usually €50–100 per hour.
Why is a single CNC part so expensive?
Programming and setup can take 1–2 hours regardless of quantity. On one part the whole setup cost is in the price; on 100 parts it is spread thin.
How much stock should I add around the part?
Usually 1/8 in (3 mm) per side for blocks and 1/16–1/8 in on diameter for round bar, plus the saw cut. The calculator adds 5% to the stock weight for the saw cut.
Which is cheaper to machine, aluminum or steel?
Aluminum is usually cheaper overall. It costs more per pound than mild steel, but it machines three to five times faster, so machine time, the biggest cost, is much lower.
Can InCost estimate machining from a STEP file?
InCost reads STEP models, recognizes turned, milled and sheet metal parts, and estimates cost. It can also create shop drawings from the model.